Kufuneka kutshintshwe kangaphi amazinyo eemele?

Ukutshintsha amazinyo ebhakethi akunalo ishedyuli yehlabathi jikelele. Izihlandlo zokutshintshwa kwazo zihluka kakhulu. Zininzi izinto eziyalela elona xesha lilungileyo lokutshintsha. Ubomi obude bamazinyo eemele ngokubanzi buqala ukusukaIiyure ezingama-200 ukuya kwii-800 zokusetyenziswa. Olu luhlu lubanzi lugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda iimeko ezithile zokusebenza zeAmazinyo eBhakethi yombungu.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo ebhakethikuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Oku kuquka uhlobo lokungcola, ubungakanani bomatshini osetyenziswayo, nobuchule bomsebenzi.
• Jonga iimpawu ezifana namazinyo agugileyo, ukugrumba kakubi, okanye ukusebenzisa amafutha amaninzi. Le miqondiso ithetha ukuba lixesha lokutshintsha amazinyo.
• Ukukhetha amazinyo afanelekileyo, ukuwajonga rhoqo, kunye nemikhwa emihle yokusebenza kwenza amazinyo ee-emele ahlale ixesha elide.

Kutheni Ukutshintshwa Kwamazinyo eBhakethi kuyahluka

Ziliqela izinto eziphembelela ukuba umntu uthatha indawo kangaphi amazinyo eemele. Ezi zinto zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokunxiba kunyeubomi bubonkeyala macandelo abalulekileyo. Ukuziqonda kunceda ukwandisa iishedyuli zolondolozo.

I-Material Abrasiveness kunye ne-Density

Uhlobo lwezinto ezichithwa ngumatshini zichaphazela kakhulu ukuguga kwamazinyo. Iimathiriyeli eziqinileyo, ezirhabaxa njengegranite zibangela ukuwohloka ngokukhawuleza.Iibhakethi zamatye e-excavator, eyenzelwe izinto ezinjalo ezivuthayo, ukumelana nobunzima obukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kukhokelela kumazinga akhawulezayo okunxiba. I-quartzite nayo ibangela ukunxiba okubalulekileyo. Ngelixa isanti iyinto erhabaxa, impembelelo yayo kumazinga okunxiba ayahluka kwigranite. Izinto ezincitshisiweyo zokurhawuzelelwa, ezinjengomhlaba oxengaxengayo, zibangela ukuguga okucothayo.

Ukusetyenziswa komatshini kunye noBunzulu bokusetyenziswa

Umsebenzi othile owenziwa ngumatshini uyalela ukuguga kwamazinyo.izicelo ezahlukeneyo zifuna iintlobo zamazinyo ezahlukeneyoukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nobomi obandisiweyo.

Ukusebenzisa ibhakethi lenjongo jikelele ukomba amatyeikhawuleza ukunxiba. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukusebenzisa i-emele ye-rock ukuchaneka kokuhlelwa nako kubangela ukunxitywa kwangaphambi kwexesha. Kumsebenzi womhlaba, ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo eemele kwenzeka phantse yonke into4-5 iinyanga. Ukwembiwa kwamatye, ngakumbi kwigraniti, kufuna ukuphindaphindwa okuphezulu kakhulu, okuhlala kufuna ukutshintshwa kanye ngeveki.

UbuChwephesha boMsebenzisi kunye neMikhwa

Isakhono somsebenzi kunye nemikhwa idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi obude bezinyo. Ubuchule bokwemba obundlongondlongo, obufana nokugqobhoza ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukuchaphazela umphezulu oqinileyo, kwandisa ukuguga. Ukusebenza okungenamagingxi-gingxi, nokungaguquguqukiyo kunciphisa uxinzelelo emazinyweni. I-angling eyiyo yebhakethi iphinda inciphise ukukhuhlana okungafunekiyo kunye ne-abrasion. Abasebenzi abanamava bakholisa ukwandisa ubomi bamazinyo abo ebhakethi ngokuphatha ngononophelo.

Izalathisi eziphambili zokuTshintshwa kwaMazinyo eBhakethi

Ukuqonda ukuba kufuneka ninibuyisela amazinyo eemeleibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nexesha elide lezixhobo. Abaqhubi kufuneka babeke esweni izikhombisi ezininzi eziphambili. Ezi mpawu zibonisa ukuba amazinyo afikelele esiphelweni sobomi bawo obusebenzayo.

Ukunxiba okubonakalayo kunye noVavanyo lomonakalo

Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka basoloko bewajonga amazinyo eebhakethi ukuze bajonge iimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuguga. Khangela ilahleko ebonakalayo ebonakalayo, ngakumbi kwiingcebiso kunye namacala. Ukuqhekeka, iitshiphusi, okanye amacandelo aphukileyo abonisa ngokucacileyo umonakalo ofuna ukuqwalaselwa kwangoko. Iimpawu zokunxiba ezibonwayo kumazinyo eebhakethi zihlala zisetyenziswautshintsho lwemibala okanye iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ezi mpawu zinika umqondiso kubasebenzisi xa kufuneka ukutshintshwa. Iindlela ezinjalo zibonelela ngengxelo ekhawulezileyo yezigqibo zolondolozo. Ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunciphisa amandla wezinyo lokungena kwizinto eziphathekayo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kukhokelela ekumbeni okungenamsebenzi kunye nokwanda koxinzelelo kwibhakethi.

Ukuthotywa koMsebenzi kunye neLahleko yoMsebenzi

Amazinyo ebhakethi agugileyo anempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo ekusebenzeni komatshini. Abaqhubi baya kuqaphela ukuhla okukhulu kwamandla okumba. I-emele iyasokola ukungena emhlabeni okanye imathiriyeli ngokulula njengangaphambili. Oku kukhokelela kumaxesha omjikelo omde kumthwalo ngamnye. Umatshini kufuneka usebenze ngakumbi ukuze ufezekise imveliso efanayo. Oku kuncitshiswa kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuguqulela kwinkqubela ecothayo yeprojekthi kunye nemihla ebekiweyo ephosiweyo. Isixhobo asikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi waso ngokufanelekileyo ngamazinyo abuthuntu okanye awonakeleyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwaMafuel okwandisiweyo kunye noxinzelelo

Ukusebenza ngamazinyo eebhakethi ezigugileyo kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kumatshini wonke. I-injini kufuneka isebenzise amandla angakumbi ukuhlawulela ukuncitshiswa kokukwazi ukusika amazinyo. Lo mzamo wandayo ukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekusetyenzisweni okuphezulu kwamafutha. Abanini-zithuthi baya kuqaphela ukuba umatshini utshisa amafutha amaninzi kumsebenzi ofanayo. Ngaphaya koko, inkqubo yehydraulic kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zifumana uxinzelelo olukhulu. Olu xinzelelo longeziweyo lunokukhokelela ekunxibeni kwangaphambi kwexesha kwezinye iindawo ezibizayo.Ukutshintshwa kwangexesha kuthintela le miba i-cascading.

Ukuqonda iiPatheni zokuNxitywa kuMazinyo eBhakethi

Abaqhubi kufuneka baqaphele ezahlukeneyonxiba iipateni kumazinyo eemele. Ezi patheni zinika umkhondo malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nexesha lokutshintsha. Amazinyo ee-emele awohlukeneyo ayawohloka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

I-Uneven Wear kwi-Outer vs. Amazinyo angaphakathi

Amazinyo ee-emele ahlala ebonisa ukuguga okungalinganiyo. Amazinyo angaphandle adla ngokukrazuka ngakumbi. Baqhagamshelana neendonga zomsele okanye ukuhamba kwezinto ezibanzi. Amazinyo angaphakathi anokujongana nempembelelo ephezulu. Lo mahluko ubangela ukuguga okwahlukeneyo kulo lonke ibhakethi. Umzekelo, amazinyo angaphandle anokuba mafutshane kwaye abe buthuntu. Amazinyo angaphakathi angabonakalisa ukuqhekeka ngakumbi okanye ukuqhekeka.

IiNgcaciso zokunxiba komenzi

Abavelisi babonelela ngeempawu ezithile zokunxiba kumazinyo abo ebhakethi. Ezi zikhokelo zibonisa eyona lahleko iphezulu evumelekileyo yempahla. Ukodlula le mida kuchaphazela ukusebenza nokhuseleko. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka bajonge incwadi yezixhobo zokusebenza. Ichaza amanqanaba okunxiba amkelekileyo. Ukubambelela kwezi nkcukacha kuqinisekisa ubomi obuphezulu bezinyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle komatshini.

Impembelelo yoYilo lweZixhobo eziBandakanyayo emhlabeni (GET).

Uyilo lwe-Ground Engaging Tools (GET) luchaphazela kakhulu iipatheni zokunxiba. Abavelisi bayaqeshauyilo olungqongqo, ubunjineli, kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo. Ezi zinto zongeza imveliso kunye nobomi bokunxiba. Basebenzisaitekhnoloji yobunjineli bezinga eliphezulu:

• Ubunjineli obuxhaswa ngekhompyutha (CAE)
• Uhlalutyo lwento egqityiweyo (FEA)

Ezi zixhobo zingumzekelo wendlela iinxalenye ze-GET ezisebenza ngayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokumba. Oku kuvumela uyilo oluphuculweyo. Iindawo ze-GET zenzelwe iimeko ezahlukeneyo zemigodi. Oku kubandakanya ubumdaka obuthambileyo ukuya kwimpembelelo ephezulu kunye neendawo zokurhawuka. Abavelisi bakwasebenzisana nabathengi. Baqonda iimeko ezithile zokumba kunye namazinga okunxiba. Oku kubanceda bacebise okanye baphuhlise iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zeGET.

Iziphumo zokungatshintshwa kwamazinyo ebhakethi agugileyo

Ukungahoyiamazinyo eemele agugileyokukhokelela kukusilela okubonakalayo ekusebenzeni nakwimali. Le miba yandisa ngaphaya kokuthotywa kokusebenza okulula. Bachaphazela yonke indawo yomsebenzi.

Umonakalo kuMlebe weBhakethi kunye neSakhiwo

Amazinyo ee-emele agugileyo aveza umlebe we-emele ukuba udibane ngqo nezinto ezirhawuzelayo. Oku kubangela ukuguga okukhawulezileyo kunye nomonakalo kwimfezeko yesakhiwo sebhakethi. Umlebe unokukhubazeka, uqhekeke okanye wophuke. Ukulungisa umlebe webhakethi owonakeleyo kuyabiza kwaye kuthatha ixesha. Ihlala ifuna i-welding kunye nokuqiniswa. Lo monakalo ubeka emngciphekweni amandla kunye nobomi bebhakethi.

UkuNcitshiswa kweMveliso kunye nokuLibazisa kweProjekthi

Ukusebenza ngamazinyo abuthuntu okanye aphukileyo kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokumba. Umatshini uyasokola ukungena kwizinto ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kwandisa amaxesha omjikelezo kumthwalo ngamnye. Abaqhubi kufuneka benze iipasi ezininzi ukuze bafezekise ukomba olufunekayo. Oku kungasebenzi kakuhle kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo inkqubela phambili yeprojekthi. Inokubangela ukulibaziseka okukhulu ekugqityweni kweprojekthi. Ukuncitshiswa kwemveliso kunefuthe kwixesha leprojekthi kunye nenzuzo.

Iindleko eziphezulu zokuSebenza kunye neeNdleko zeFuel

Amazinyo agugileyo anyanzela umatshini ukuba usebenze nzima. I-injini isebenzisa amafutha amaninzi ukubuyisela ukunqongophala kwesakhono sokusika. Oku kwandisa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zokusebenza zemihla ngemihla. Ngapha koko, uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic kunye namanye amacandelo anokukhokelela ekunxibeni kwangaphambi kwexesha. Oku kufuna ulungiso oluthe gqolo nolubiza imali eninzi kwezinye iindawo ze-excavator. Ezi ndleko ziqokelelana ngokukhawuleza.

Imingcipheko yoKhuseleko kwiNdawo yeMisebenzi

Amazinyo ee-emele awonakeleyo abeka iingozi ezinzulu zokhuseleko. Izinyo eliphukileyo linokuba yiprojekti. Oku kubeka engozini abasebenzi kunye nezinye izixhobo kwisiza. I-emele eyonakele kakhulu inokusilela ngokungalindelekanga. Oku kudala iimeko zokumba ezingazinzanga. Ukusilela okunjalo kunokukhokelela kwiingozi okanye ukwenzakala. Ukugcinaimeko yesixhobo esifanelekileyoibalulekile kwindawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.

Ukwandisa uBomi baManyo akho eBhakethi

Ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwamazinyo ebhakethi kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza kunye nexesha lokuphumla. Iinkqubo ezichanekileyo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kula macandelo abalulekileyo.

Ukukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo kwamazinyo eBhakethi yeCaterpillar

Ukukhetha amazinyo ebhakethi achanekileyo emsebenzini kubalulekile. Izicelo ezahlukeneyo zifuna uyilo oluthile lwamazinyo. Ngeenjongo eziqhelekileyo, amazinyo e-conical anika ukuguquguquka. Amazinyo agqobhozayo asebenza kakuhle kwizinto ezixineneyo. Amazinyo amelana ne-abrasion afanele indawo yokunxiba okuphezulu. Amazinyo anzima ukumelana nefuthe elibi. Ukufanisa uhlobo lwezinyo kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nomsebenzikuthintela ukunxiba kwangaphambi kwexesha. Olu khetho lucokisekileyo lukhulisa ukusebenza kweAmazinyo eBhakethi yombungu.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye noLondolozo lweMigaqo

Iinkqubo zokuhlola rhoqozibalulekile ekwandiseni ubomi bamazinyo. Abaqhubi kufunekajonga amazinyo eebhakethi yonke imihla kwiindawo zokunxiba ezikumgangatho ophezulunjengemigodi neekwari. Olu hlolo kufuneka lwenzeke phambi nasemva komsebenzi ngamnye. Iitshekhi zemihla ngemihla zinceda ukuchonga imiba efana nokuqhekeka kwengcebiso kunye nokukhulula iphini. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zivela ngenxa yobunzima kunye neempembelelo zentsimbi. Ukutshintsha amazinyo xa ekhonaI-50% igugilekwakhona kuthintela umonakalo ngakumbi. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubandakanyaukugcina amazinyo ee-emele ecocekile kwaye angenankunkuma.

Ukuphumeza ezona Nkqubo ziBalaseleyo

Iindlela zobuchule bokusebenza zandisa kakhulu ubomi bamazinyo ebhakethi. Abaqhubi kufunekaziphephe ii-engile zokumba ezigqithisileyo. Bamele basebenzise iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokumba izinto eziphathekayo. Ukunciphisa imisebenzi enempembelelo ephezulu kunciphisa uxinzelelo kumazinyo. Abaqhubi akufuneki balayishe kakhulu ibhakethi ngaphaya komthamo wayo. Ubuchwephesha obunjalo bokusebenza buthintela ukunxiba okungafunekiyo kunye neentshukumo ezinobundlobongela. Ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kunegalelo kubomi obude.

Impembelelo yezoQoqosho yokuTshintshwa kwaMazinyo eBhakethi kwangexesha

Ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo eebhakethi kwangexesha kunika inzuzo ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi. Ichaphazela ngqo inzuzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Amashishini agcina imali kwaye aphucule iziphumo zeprojekthi.

Ukongiwa kweendleko ekuthinteleni ukonakala kweBhakethi

Ukutshintsha amazinyo ee-emele agugileyo kuthintela umonakalo omkhulu noneendleko eziphezulu. Xa amazinyo ephela, umlebe we-emele kunye namanqina ayavela. La macandelo ke anxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nezinto ezirhawukayo. Oku kukhokelela ekunxibeni okukhawulezileyo, iintanda, okanye ukungaphumeleli kolwakhiwo lwebhakethi. Ukulungisa ibhakethi eyonakeleyo kubandakanya umsebenzi obalulekileyo, izixhobo kunye nexesha lokuphumla. Ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo asebenzayo kuthintela olu lungiso lubiza imali eninzi. Igcina ingqibelelo yebhakethi kwaye yandisa ubomi bayo bonke.

Ukunyusa ixesha leSixhobo kunye neNzuzo

Ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo eebhakethi kwangexesha kunegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekwandiseni ixesha lokuphumla kwezixhobo.Oomatshini abasebenzayo abanamazinyo ebhakethi alahlekileyo okanye anxibe kakhulukunokukhokelela kumonakalo kumanqina. Lo monakalo ufuna ukulungiswa okuxabisa imali eninzi. Kwakhona kwandisa ixesha lokuphumla. Ukutshintsha amazinyo eemele ngokukhawuleza kuthintela lo monakalo. Oku kugcina oomatshini besebenza kwaye benemveliso. Ixesha eliphakamileyo lithetha umsebenzi ogqityiweyo kunye nenzuzo ephezulu yeshishini.

Ukuphucula iProjekthi eFanelekileyo

Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo ezigcinwe kakuhle. Ukutshintshwa kwamazinyo eebhakethi kwangexesha kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokumba. Oomatshini bagqobhoza izinto ngokufanelekileyo. Bayigqiba ngokukhawuleza imisebenzi. Oku kunciphisa amaxesha omjikelezo kwaye kukhawulezisa ukugqitywa kweprojekthi. Ubuchule obuphuculweyo bukhokelela kulwabiwo olungcono lwezibonelelo. Ikwanceda ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo yeprojekthi. Oku ekugqibeleni konyusa isidima senkampani kwaye kukhuseleke iikhontrakthi zexesha elizayo.

Ukukhetha Amazinyo eBhakethi eLungileyo

Ukukhetha aMazinyo eBhakethi eBungu elilungileyokubalulekile ekwandiseni impumelelo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwendibano yebhakethi yonke.

Ukutshatisa amazinyo kwiiMfuno zeSicelo

Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka batshatise amazinyo kwiimfuno ezithile zosetyenziso. Izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi ifuna uyilo lwamazinyo olwahlukileyo. Umzekelo, amazinyo abukhali agqwesa kwizinto eziqinileyo, ngelixa amazinyo asicaba afanele umhlaba ovulekileyo. Amazinyo anokuthi abuyiselwe anika ukugcinwa lula kunye nobomi obude. Iinjineli ziqwalasela uhlobo lwemathiriyeli, i-excavator tonnage, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Zikwajongana nobude bexesha leprojekthi kunye nokugcinwa lula. Amabhakethi asemgangathweni asebenzela umhlaba, ii-emele zamatye emigodini, kunye nee-emele ezichasene nempembelelo zokudilizwa. Iinkqubo yeadaptha kufuneka ihambelane ne-emele yomatshini kunye namazinyo akhethiweyo. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana nentsimbi ye-alloy yamandla aphezulu zikhethwa ukuhlala ixesha elide.Ukulinganisa okufanelekileyo kuthintela ukuguga kwangaphambili kunye nomonakalo.

Ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye noKuhlala ixesha elide

Ubume bezinto zeCaterpillar Bucket Teeth buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuqina kwabo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba.Intsimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu inika amandla abalaseleyo okomba jikelele. Insimbi ye-alloy inikeza amandla aphuculweyo empembelelo, efanelekileyo kwiimeko ezifunekayo. Ithintela ukusilela okuyintlekele. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-tungsten carbide ifakela i-tungsten carbide inikezela ukuchasana ngokungafaniyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.Intsimbi ye-manganese ephezulu inika ukuqina okulungileyo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba ngokuqiniswa komsebenzi. Intsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy iphucula kunye ne-microelements yokunxiba ngcono kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo.

UkuLula koTshintsho kunye noLondolozo

Ukulula ukutshintshwa kunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuphumla kwaye kwandisa ukhuseleko. Uyilo olufana neinkqubo ye-K Series engenahamilevumela abaqhubi ukuba bajije amazinyo agugile kwaye bajije amatsha besebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo. Oku kuphelisa isidingo sokubethelela izikhonkwane. Olu luyilo lukhawulezisa inkqubo yokutshintshwa kwaye lunciphisa kakhulu iingozi zokwenzakala.Iindlela ezilula zebholithi zikwavumela uncamathiselo olukhawulezayo ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza emsebenzini.Iinkqubo ezikhawulezayo nezisebenzayo zokubuyisela amazinyo zinegalelo kwimveliso ephuculweyo kunye nokonga iindleko.

Ukubekwa kweliso okubukhali kwamazinyo eemele kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yokusebenza. Ukutshintshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuthintela umonakalo obiza imali kwibhakethi kwaye kunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa izixhobo. Utyalo-mali kumgangatho osemgangathweni wamazinyo eebhakethi zeCaterpillar kunye neendlela ezingaguqukiyo zokugcinwa zinika izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zexesha elide, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenzuzo.

FAQ

Kukangaphi amazinyo ee-emele efuna ukutshintshwa?

Ukutshintsha rhoqo kuyahluka kakhulu. Izinto ezifana nokurhawuka kwezinto, ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa, kunye nobuchule bomsebenzisi bunefuthe kubomi bezinyo. Akukho shedyuli imiselweyo.

Zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili zokutshintsha amazinyo eemele?

Iimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya ukunxiba okubonakalayo, ukuthotywa kokusebenza, kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka bajonge ezi mpawu ngocoselelo. Ukutshintshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuthintela eminye imiba.

Abasebenzi babenza njani bandise ubomi bamazinyo eemele?

Ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo amazinyo, ukuhlolwa rhoqo, kunye nokuphunyezwa kweendlela zokusebenza ezingcono kakhulu zandisa ubomi bezinyo. Ezi zenzo zinciphisa ukuguga kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza.

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